WEST-E Special Education Practice Test

Which of the following is considered a hallmark of learning disabilities (LD)?

1. Social cognition issues

2. Academic deficits

3. Behavioral problems

4. Attention problems

The correct answer is: Academic deficits

Academic deficits are a hallmark of learning disabilities (LD) because they specifically indicate difficulties in achieving academic tasks that are expected based on age, educational level, and intelligence. Learning disabilities often manifest in specific areas such as reading (dyslexia), writing (dysgraphia), or mathematics (dyscalculia), leading to challenges in performing at the same level as peers. These academic deficits are not indicative of a lack of intelligence; rather, they highlight a discrepancy between potential and actual performance. While social cognition issues, behavioral problems, and attention problems may co-occur with learning disabilities, they are not defining characteristics of LDs. Learning disabilities primarily center on the challenges individuals face in academic areas despite having adequate intelligence and educational opportunities. Thus, identifying academic deficits is crucial for diagnosing and providing appropriate interventions for students with learning disabilities.